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现代物理知识  2019, Vol. 31 Issue (5): 27-45    DOI:
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上海光源在化学领域中的应用
马静远, 张丽丽, 张坤浩, 张立娟, 何建华
中国科学院上海高等研究院 201204
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摘要 化学作为一门历史悠久而又富有活力的基础学科,成为人类用以认识和改造物质世界的主要方法和手段之一。在现代,很多人称化学为一门"中心科学",因为它是不少自然学科的核心,如材料科学、纳米技术、生物学、环境生态学等。作为一门以实验为基础的学科,化学在与物理学、生物学、地理学、天文学等学科的相互渗透中,得到了迅速的发展,又进一步推动了其他学科和技术的发展。具体一点讲,比如催化剂,是石油化工乃至整个化学工业中的重要材料,可以说没有催化剂就没有现代工业,对催化剂构效关系及催化反应的研究是当前化工及材料科学中的一个重要领域;再比如人类的活动与环境的变化相互影响,各类污染物在环境中的迁移规律和毒性强度,是与其化学赋存形态密切相关的,研究污染物的化学结构变化便是环境和地球化学的主要工作之一;又如生物医药学的进步,也是建立在研究生命物质的化学组成、结构及生命活动过程中各种化学变化的基础上,只有深入认识细胞内各组分,如蛋白质、糖类、脂类、核酸等生物大分子的结构和功能,才能更好的认知生命、保护生命;还有众多功能材料的研发,离不开化学合成工艺的理论和技术进步,化学家们研究过的材料更是内容丰富,比如高分子、合金、陶瓷、超导体、特种玻璃、离子液体等等。
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. 上海光源在化学领域中的应用[J]. 现代物理知识, 2019, 31(5): 27-45.
. [J]. Modern Physics, 2019, 31(5): 27-45.
 
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