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现代物理知识  2019, Vol. 31 Issue (6): 10-16    DOI:
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银河
刘超
中国科学院国家天文台 100101
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摘要 银河,它自古至今照耀在人类的夜空中亘古不变,常常成为文人骚客赞美自然之壮美和恢弘的载体。在人类文明史的绝大多数时间里,银河几乎就是我们所知道的全部宇宙!这一切的改变是从1920年那一场著名的大辩论开始的。4月26日,美国华盛顿的史密松自然历史博物馆,沙普利(Harlow Shapley)和柯蒂斯(Heber Curtis)展开了一场世纪大辩论。两位天文学家引经据典,沙普利试图证明银河系就是宇宙的全部,而柯蒂斯则阐述岛宇宙的观点认为银河系仅仅是宇宙中的一座孤岛。大辩论没有形成最后的结论,一锤定音则是在4年之后,哈勃(Edwin Hubble)用干净利落的观测事实证明了仙女座大星云的距离远远大于银河系的尺寸。从此,银河回归了其本来面目——茫茫宇宙中一块小小的星系。
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刘超. 银河[J]. 现代物理知识, 2019, 31(6): 10-16.
$author.xingMing_EN. [J]. Modern Physics, 2019, 31(6): 10-16.
 
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